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[求職] 工作英文面試 - 問題解析與準備方法
Job Interview Questions & Answers
~Know What to Expect and What to Say
原文來自http://www.best-interview-strategies.com/questions.html
~Know What to Expect and What to Say
原文來自http://www.best-interview-strategies.com/questions.html
Although many candidates dread them, job interview questions are wonderful things! They are your greatest opportunity to prove to the interviewer that you are the best person for the job!
雖然很多"考生"畏懼它們，但面試是絕妙的好東西!它們是讓你向面試官證明你是最佳人選的好機會!
The key is to give better answers than anyone else. To do this, you must:
(1) Anticipate likely questions;
(2) Develop excellent answers;
(3) Practice!
(1) Anticipate likely questions;
(2) Develop excellent answers;
(3) Practice!
關鍵是要回答得比所有人更好。為此，你需要:
(1) 預測可能的題目
(2) 找出傑出的答案
(3) 練習!
(1) 預測可能的題目
(2) 找出傑出的答案
(3) 練習!
Be enthusiastic and confident when responding to questions. Don't rush your answers, but don't ramble on and on, either. Try to, um, avoid, like, using unnecessary words, right? And um, repeating yourself or, like, annoying phrases, you know?
在回答時表現出你的熱情和自信，別急迫冒失的說出你的答案，但也不要給一篇漫漫長談。試著避免用像是…就是…用些不必要的字，對吧?還有…嗯，然後，一直重覆或…你知道，對，用煩人的句子，OK?
在回答時表現出你的熱情和自信，別急迫冒失的說出你的答案，但也不要給一篇漫漫長談。試著避免用像是…就是…用些不必要的字，對吧?還有…嗯，然後，一直重覆或…你知道，對，用煩人的句子，OK?
A good technique is to write out your answers to the questions you anticipate, then edit them to make them more concise. Then practice your polished answers out loud, over and over. If you can have someone help you do a "mock interview," that would be the best way to do this.
有一個技巧是把你預測會出現的問題答案寫下，修改它們讓它們更簡明。然後練習一遍遍大聲的說出你的答案。最好可以找到人替你做次模擬面試。
有一個技巧是把你預測會出現的問題答案寫下，修改它們讓它們更簡明。然後練習一遍遍大聲的說出你的答案。最好可以找到人替你做次模擬面試。
Most questions will relate either to your ability to do the job or to the type of employee you will be. Here's one that is very commonly used to help the interviewer learn about both:
大部分的問題和你的能力或是你屬於哪一型員工有關，這邊有一些很常見的問題幫助面試官知道這兩個面相:
大部分的問題和你的能力或是你屬於哪一型員工有關，這邊有一些很常見的問題幫助面試官知道這兩個面相:
"Tell me a little about yourself."
"跟我稍微談談你自己"
"跟我稍微談談你自己"
When responding to this request, you should focus on both your personal and professional values. Always be honest, but talk about your best traits only, especially those that relate to the position for which you are applying. Highlight experiences and accomplishments you are most proud of. Here's an example:
回應這個問題時，你應該專注在你的個人價值和專業價值。要誠實，但是記得總是談到你最好的特質，尤其是和你申請的工作有關的。特別提一下你最自豪的經驗和成就，這邊有個例子:
回應這個問題時，你應該專注在你的個人價值和專業價值。要誠實，但是記得總是談到你最好的特質，尤其是和你申請的工作有關的。特別提一下你最自豪的經驗和成就，這邊有個例子:
"I'm an experienced communications specialist with extensive knowledge of public information tools and techniques. I've developed comprehensive communication plans for major public events, written dozens of articles accepted by worldwide publications, and created specialized educational programs for adults and students. I am always eager to learn new methods and procedures, and have implemented continuous improvement techniques in my past positions that saved money and increased productivity. I like working with people and enjoy group projects, but am also a self-starter who doesn't mind working on my own. I'm a volunteer with the local chapter of Special Olympics and enjoy participating in community events. My goals are to complete my Master's Degree and broaden my experiences with community relations."
Remember to tailor your response to the specific job. By studying the job announcement, you'll get a good idea of the skills and experience being sought. Work those into your response.
記得為特定的工作編制特定的回應。藉由研究職位說明，你會對需要的經驗和能力有所了解。把他們放進你的回應中。
Remember to tailor your response to the specific job. By studying the job announcement, you'll get a good idea of the skills and experience being sought. Work those into your response.
記得為特定的工作編制特定的回應。藉由研究職位說明，你會對需要的經驗和能力有所了解。把他們放進你的回應中。
Consider this your own personal commercial. If the interview consisted of only this ONE chance to sell yourself, what would you say?
把這個當成你的個人廣告，假如這次面試只有這個機會去賣出你自己，你會說什麼?
把這個當成你的個人廣告，假如這次面試只有這個機會去賣出你自己，你會說什麼?
"What do you feel has been your greatest work-related accomplishment?"
"談一談你曾經做得最好的工作成就。"
"談一談你曾經做得最好的工作成就。"
Choose one example from your past that was important to you and helped the company you worked for. Give specific details about what you did, how you did it, and what the results were. Try to pick an accomplishment that relates to the position for which you are applying. Employers like to hear about accomplishments that reduced expenses, raised revenues, solved problems or enhanced a company's reputation.
選一個你過去有幫助到公司的重要經驗。明確的說出細節:你怎麼做的，結果如何?試著選一個和你申請的工作有關的成就，面試官希望聽到關於降低支出、提升收入、解決問題或提升商譽的成就。
選一個你過去有幫助到公司的重要經驗。明確的說出細節:你怎麼做的，結果如何?試著選一個和你申請的工作有關的成就，面試官希望聽到關於降低支出、提升收入、解決問題或提升商譽的成就。
"What is your greatest strength?"
"你最棒的長處是什麼?"
"你最棒的長處是什麼?"
This is a great chance to highlight your best skills. Don't pick just one, focus on your top three or four. Some examples are: leadership skills, team-building skills, and organizational skills. Determine which strengths would fit best with the position for which you are applying. For example, if the job announcement stresses the ability to handle multiple tasks, you could say: "I'm good at organizational skills, prioritization and time management. But my greatest strength is my ability to effectively handle multiple projects and deadlines."
一個絕佳的機會去點出你的能力!別只說一個，選你最好的三到四個，像是：領導、建構團隊、組織能力等。想想哪些最符合這個工作的需求。例如，如果這個工作需要同時處理多件任務，你可以說"我擅長組織、設定優先順序和時間管理，但我最擅長的是有效率的處理多件專案。"
一個絕佳的機會去點出你的能力!別只說一個，選你最好的三到四個，像是：領導、建構團隊、組織能力等。想想哪些最符合這個工作的需求。例如，如果這個工作需要同時處理多件任務，你可以說"我擅長組織、設定優先順序和時間管理，但我最擅長的是有效率的處理多件專案。"
"What is your greatest weakness?"
"你最大的缺點呢?"
"你最大的缺點呢?"
Be careful with this one. Most interview guides will tell you to answer it with a positive trait disguised as a weakness. For example, "I tend to expect others to work as hard as I do," or "I'm a bit of a perfectionist." Interviewers have heard these "canned" answers over and over again. To stand out, be more original and state a true weakness, but then emphasize what you've done to overcome it. For example: "I've had trouble delegating duties to others because I felt I could do things better myself. This has sometimes backfired because I'd end up with more than I could handle and the quality of my work would suffer. But I've taken courses in time management and learned effective delegation techniques, and I feel I've overcome this weakness."
特別注意這個問題！多數人會跟你說把一個正面的特質拿來假扮成缺點，像"我總是希望其他人能像我一樣認真工作。"或"我有點像是個完美主義者。"，面試官已經聽這種罐頭答案聽到快吐了。要脫穎而出，講個原創點而且真的是個缺點的，但之後強調你如何去克服它。像是"我在跟同事劃分責任上有點問題，因為我總認為我自己可以做得比較好。最後常常事與願違，因為我無法處裡那麼多事而且連帶的工作品質也不好。但我上了時間管理課程並且學會了有效的劃分責任技巧，我想我已經克服他了。"
特別注意這個問題！多數人會跟你說把一個正面的特質拿來假扮成缺點，像"我總是希望其他人能像我一樣認真工作。"或"我有點像是個完美主義者。"，面試官已經聽這種罐頭答案聽到快吐了。要脫穎而出，講個原創點而且真的是個缺點的，但之後強調你如何去克服它。像是"我在跟同事劃分責任上有點問題，因為我總認為我自己可以做得比較好。最後常常事與願違，因為我無法處裡那麼多事而且連帶的工作品質也不好。但我上了時間管理課程並且學會了有效的劃分責任技巧，我想我已經克服他了。"
IMPORTANT: Be sure the weakness you talk about is NOT a key element of the position!
重要:確定你說的缺點不是這個工作需要的關鍵能力!
重要:確定你說的缺點不是這個工作需要的關鍵能力!
"How do you handle stressful situations?"
"你如何處理充滿壓力的情況?"
"你如何處理充滿壓力的情況?"
Give some examples of stressful situations you've dealt with in the past. Tell how you use time management, problem-solving or decision-making skills to reduce stress. For example, tell them that making a "to-do" list helps. Site stress-reducing techniques such as stretching and taking a break. Don't be afaid to admit that you will ask for assistance if you are feeling overwhelmed.
If it's true, say you actually work better under pressure.
給些你過去處理壓力的例子，說說你如何使用你的時間管理、問題解決和決策技巧去降低壓力。像是，跟他們說做個"待辦事項表"很有幫助。或是有些減壓小技巧像伸展體操和小憩一下。不要害怕承認你被壓力淹沒時需要一些幫助。
你也可以說"我在壓力下工作的更好"，假如這是真的。
If it's true, say you actually work better under pressure.
給些你過去處理壓力的例子，說說你如何使用你的時間管理、問題解決和決策技巧去降低壓力。像是，跟他們說做個"待辦事項表"很有幫助。或是有些減壓小技巧像伸展體操和小憩一下。不要害怕承認你被壓力淹沒時需要一些幫助。
你也可以說"我在壓力下工作的更好"，假如這是真的。
"What is the toughest problem you've had to face, and how did you overcome it?"
"你曾經遇過最棘手的困難是什麼?你如何克服的?"
"你曾經遇過最棘手的困難是什麼?你如何克服的?"
Try to make this about a problem that faced your company and not just you or your particular work group. The bigger the problem, the better. Give specific examples of the skills and techniques you used to resolve this problem. Emphasize the successful results. Be generous in sharing credit if it was a team effort, but be sure to highlight your specific role.
試著把這個困難導向整個公司的困難而不僅僅是你自己或你的工作小組遇到的困難。這個困難越大越好，講幾個明確的你用來解決問題的技巧。強調成功的結果，假如這是個團隊合作結果，記得慷慨的把功勞分給你的團隊，但別忘了點出你的角色。
試著把這個困難導向整個公司的困難而不僅僅是你自己或你的工作小組遇到的困難。這個困難越大越好，講幾個明確的你用來解決問題的技巧。強調成功的結果，假如這是個團隊合作結果，記得慷慨的把功勞分給你的團隊，但別忘了點出你的角色。
"Have you ever had to discipline a problem employee? If so, how did you handle it?"
"你曾經懲處過問題員工嗎? 如果有，你怎麼處裡的?"
"你曾經懲處過問題員工嗎? 如果有，你怎麼處裡的?"
This is a likely question if the position for which you are applying requires supervisory duties. Explain how you used problem-solving skills, listening skills, and coaching skills to help the employee. If those techniques turned the employee around, be sure to say so. If those techniques failed, tell how you followed the company's policies and what the end result was.
假如你申請的工作有監督義務，這是個可能出現的問題。解釋你如何使用解決問題技巧、傾聽和監督技巧去幫助員工。如果這讓員工有了一百八十度的轉變，記得要說。如果這些技巧失敗了，你可以說你如何遵循公司政策還有結果如何。
假如你申請的工作有監督義務，這是個可能出現的問題。解釋你如何使用解決問題技巧、傾聽和監督技巧去幫助員工。如果這讓員工有了一百八十度的轉變，記得要說。如果這些技巧失敗了，你可以說你如何遵循公司政策還有結果如何。
"Why do you want this position?"
"你為何想要這個職位?"
"你為何想要這個職位?"
Here's where your research about the company will help you stand out among the other candidates. Explain how you've always wanted the opportunity to work with a company that... provides a vital public service, leads the industry in innovative products, whatever... find something specific about that company that you can tie in with your answer. Explain how your qualifications and goals complement the company's mission, vision and values (use specific examples). If you are applying for a position in a company for which you already work, explain how you'll be able to apply and expand on the knowledge and experience you've gained from your current position, and will be able to increase your contributions and value to the company through your new responsibilities.
這就是你對公司的研究派上用場的地方!解釋你如何的想要進這家公司工作，如何的想要跟公司一起…提供重要公共服務、用創新產品帶領產業…總之，找些明確的可以用在回答中有關公司的點。解釋你的能力和目標如何和公司的願景結合(給些明確的例子)。假如你申請的是你已所處公司的職位，解釋你如何擴充你從現有職位得到的能力和知識，並說說你的新責任如何能提升你的貢獻和價值。
這就是你對公司的研究派上用場的地方!解釋你如何的想要進這家公司工作，如何的想要跟公司一起…提供重要公共服務、用創新產品帶領產業…總之，找些明確的可以用在回答中有關公司的點。解釋你的能力和目標如何和公司的願景結合(給些明確的例子)。假如你申請的是你已所處公司的職位，解釋你如何擴充你從現有職位得到的能力和知識，並說說你的新責任如何能提升你的貢獻和價值。
"Why are you the best person for this job?"
"為何你是最適合這個工作的人?"
"為何你是最適合這個工作的人?"
As with all other questions, be confident and enthusiastic when you answer this. Don't try to say you are the best qualified person, because you don't know the qualifications of the other applicants. Instead, emphasize several reasons why you should be hired. For example: "I've got extensive experience in [name the appropriate field] and have the specific skills you are looking for. I'm a fast learner who adapts quickly to change and will hit the ground running. I'm dedicated and enthusiastic about helping your company meet its goals, and will provide top-quality results with minimal *oversite. I'm an outstanding performer who takes pride in my work. You won't have any regrets when you hire me."
和在回答所有問題時一樣，回答這個時要有自信並且熱情。別試著說你是符合條件的最好人選，因為你不知道其他人的條件如何。取而代之，強調幾個原因為何你該被錄取。例如: "我在(某個適合的領域)有廣泛的經驗而且有些你們在找的特定能力。我學得很快、適應力強而且腳踏實地，我熱心並且致力於幫助公司完成目標，而且可以在極少的錯誤下提供良好的結果。我有傑出的表現而且對我的工作感到自豪。雇用我你們不會後悔的。"
和在回答所有問題時一樣，回答這個時要有自信並且熱情。別試著說你是符合條件的最好人選，因為你不知道其他人的條件如何。取而代之，強調幾個原因為何你該被錄取。例如: "我在(某個適合的領域)有廣泛的經驗而且有些你們在找的特定能力。我學得很快、適應力強而且腳踏實地，我熱心並且致力於幫助公司完成目標，而且可以在極少的錯誤下提供良好的結果。我有傑出的表現而且對我的工作感到自豪。雇用我你們不會後悔的。"
UNEXPECTED QUESTIONS
預料之外的問題
Interview questions and answers can only be predicted and prepared for to a certain extent. There are endless variations and no way to know every question in advance. But that doesn't matter. Because you know there will be unexpected questions, you will not cringe or freak out when they pop up, as some applicants will. Instead, you will turn them into opportunities to shine even more brightly.
面試問答只能預測到某個限度，總是有無限的變化讓你無法預先知道所有的問題。但那不重要，因為你知道總是會有預料之外的問題，你不會在它們出現的時候便的畏畏縮縮或是瘋掉。(但是有些人會。) 反而，你把他們變成讓你更閃亮的機會。
面試問答只能預測到某個限度，總是有無限的變化讓你無法預先知道所有的問題。但那不重要，因為你知道總是會有預料之外的問題，你不會在它們出現的時候便的畏畏縮縮或是瘋掉。(但是有些人會。) 反而，你把他們變成讓你更閃亮的機會。
No one knows you better than you. Memorize a list of your best features, your best selling points. Use every opportunity and unexpected question to mention these.
沒有人比你更了解你自己，列一張寫著你的優點、你的長處的表。試著利用所有機會和問題來提到它們。
沒有人比你更了解你自己，列一張寫著你的優點、你的長處的表。試著利用所有機會和問題來提到它們。
Realize that sometimes what you say isn't as important as how you say it. Be confident, enthusiastic, and remember to smile often.
記住有的時候，你說話的方式比說話的內容更重要。要有自信、熱情，並記得總是帶著微笑。
記住有的時候，你說話的方式比說話的內容更重要。要有自信、熱情，並記得總是帶著微笑。
QUESTIONS YOU SHOULD ASK
你該問的問題
Often the interviewer's last question is, "Do you have any questions for me?" Candidates who do not have questions show a lack of initiative and give the impression that they have minimal interest in the position. Stand out from those lazy job seekers by asking questions!
通常面試官的最後一個問題會是"你有什麼問題要問我的嗎? "，那些沒有問題的面試者會被認為主動性不足而且給人一種他們對職位沒什麼興趣的印象。利用問問題從這些懶鬼中脫穎而出吧!
通常面試官的最後一個問題會是"你有什麼問題要問我的嗎? "，那些沒有問題的面試者會被認為主動性不足而且給人一種他們對職位沒什麼興趣的印象。利用問問題從這些懶鬼中脫穎而出吧!
Have your questions ready in advance. Relate them to the company or its accomplishments/challenges (your research of the company will show and further impress the interviewer). Don't ask any question that shows that you have not done your research about the company.
預先準備好你的問題，最好是和公司本身有關，或是和公司的成就和願景有關。(你對公司有所研究會給面試官好印象。) 注意別問任何會顯示出你研究不足的問題。
預先準備好你的問題，最好是和公司本身有關，或是和公司的成就和願景有關。(你對公司有所研究會給面試官好印象。) 注意別問任何會顯示出你研究不足的問題。
Do not ask questions related to you, such as "When will I be eligible for my first raise?" or "How often will I be subjected to a performance review?" Don't bring up money. (You can do that after you are offered the job.)
別問和你本身有關的問題，像是"我何時可以得到第一次升遷? "，或"我多久必須提交一次績效評量?"別提到錢!(你得到這個工作之後可以提。)
別問和你本身有關的問題，像是"我何時可以得到第一次升遷? "，或"我多久必須提交一次績效評量?"別提到錢!(你得到這個工作之後可以提。)
In addition to specific questions you develop based on what the company does, here are some sample generic questions:
在一些關於公司的特定問題之外，這邊有一些共通的問題:
在一些關於公司的特定問題之外，這邊有一些共通的問題:
What do you enjoy most about working here?
"您最享受在這工作的哪一部分?"
"您最享受在這工作的哪一部分?"
Be sure the person you ask actually works for the company. Some organizations, especially public agencies, have interview panels in which employees from other agencies participate.
確定回答問題的人確實在這家公司工作。有些組織，尤其是公立機構，會有從別的機構來的專門面試小組。
確定回答問題的人確實在這家公司工作。有些組織，尤其是公立機構，會有從別的機構來的專門面試小組。
Is there anything I've mentioned that makes you think I'm not the best candidate for this job?
"有什麼我曾經提過的事情讓您覺得我不是這個工作的合適人選嗎?"
"有什麼我曾經提過的事情讓您覺得我不是這個工作的合適人選嗎?"
If they do mention something that's bothering them about you, such as lack of specific experience, this gives you a last-ditch effort to change their opinion about you. If you've thought about your possible weaknesses in advance, you should have a prepared answer to those weaknesses.
如果他們確實說了某些你方面不適合，像是缺乏特定經驗，這給你最後一個機會去改變他們的想法。如果你已經預先想過一些你可能有的缺點，你應該想一些回應針對這些缺點。
如果他們確實說了某些你方面不適合，像是缺乏特定經驗，這給你最後一個機會去改變他們的想法。如果你已經預先想過一些你可能有的缺點，你應該想一些回應針對這些缺點。
For example, "I know I have limited experience in this field, but what I lack in specific experience I make up for in enthusiasm and desire to excel. I'm a fast learner and I'll work harder than anyone else to be a top producer on your team."
When do you expect to make your final decision?
"您預計何時做出最後決定呢?"
When do you expect to make your final decision?
"您預計何時做出最後決定呢?"
Be sure to ask that! Failure to do so may give the impression that you're not that interested, and you need to know when to follow up.
務必問這個問題! 沒問這個問題可能會讓他們覺得你其實沒那麼感興趣，而且讓你可以知道何時該進一步行動。
務必問這個問題! 沒問這個問題可能會讓他們覺得你其實沒那麼感興趣，而且讓你可以知道何時該進一步行動。
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